Frame Handling in Selenium

Frames in Selenium refer to HTML frames, which allow multiple HTML pages to be displayed on a single web page. In Selenium, you can switch between frames using the following methods:

switchTo().frame(index) - switch to the frame at the specified zero-based index
switchTo().frame(name or id) - switch to the frame with the specified name or ID
switchTo().frame(WebElement) - switch to the frame containing the specified WebElement

This is the site we will use to play around with frames.

Index:

Let us first try to switch based on the index.

    WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
        ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/iframe");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        WebDriver frameEntry = driver.switchTo().frame(0);
        WebElement keysSend = frameEntry.findElement(By.id("tinymce"));
        keysSend.sendKeys("Ashwin is here");

As the frame from this site is in the zeroth index, we can use zero.

        WebDriver frameEntry = driver.switchTo().frame(0);

Name/ID:

Let us try to switch using name or id.

        WebDriver frameEntry = driver.switchTo().frame("mce_0_ifr");

Here we have used "id" and did the same operation webdriver successfully identify the frame.

WebElement:

Let us try to use webelement to locate the frame and switch to it.

    WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
        ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/iframe");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        WebElement frame = driver.findElement(By.xpath("(//iframe[@id='mce_0_ifr'])[1]"));
        WebDriver frameEntry = driver.switchTo().frame(frame);
        WebElement keysSend = frameEntry.findElement(By.id("tinymce"));
        keysSend.sendKeys("Ashwin is here");

Here we used xpath for the frame, stored it in a variable, and passed it into the switchto frame.

Conclusion:

That is much about frames, and if needed to go back outside the frame, use this.

        driver.switchTo().defaultContent();